In the stages of IVF treatment, one sort of assisted reproductive technology is in vitro fertilization (IVF). A complicated operation intended to treat infertility and result in a live newborn as a direct result of the intervention.
IVF typically entails stimulating the ovaries with a variety of reproductive drugs, removing an oocyte (or oocytes) from an ovarian follicle, and fertilizing the oocytes in a lab (“in vitro”). The resulting embryo or embryos are placed inside the uterus. IVF cycles, which span these processes normally over a two-week period, are what they’re known as.
Although many individuals are aware of IVF, they might not be familiar with all the details involved. The key IVF procedure steps are described in this article. Along with what occurs at each phase. Following a thorough discussion of the patient’s medical history and the findings of reproductive studies. The doctor may suggest IVF in Bangladesh.
IVF STAGE 1: Ovarian stimulation
Your uterus and fallopian tubes will be examined before undergoing IVF steps to make sure there are no problems that need to be surgically fixed. Pre-cycle testing also involves a male partner’s semen analysis and hormonal examination to determine thyroid function and ovarian reserve. Both partners are also screened for sexually transmitted infections.
In the ovarian stimulation IVF stage, most women take fertility medications for 8–14 days; the average is 10–11 days. Multiple eggs are matured using ovarian stimulation in preparation for egg retrieval.
Fertility medicines are used to create more than one egg even when ovulation is normal because pregnancy rates are higher with more eggs. Typically, between 10 and 20 eggs are removed for the in vitro fertilization process. But not all of them can be used because, on average, only around two-thirds of them are mature enough.
IVF STAGE 2: Egg retrieval
You’ll undergo surgery to remove the eggs from follicles in your ovaries thirty-four to thirty-six hours after receiving the trigger shot, before the eggs ovulate. An ultrasound is used to visually guide a small needle into one ovary and then the other during this egg retrieval operation. You won’t feel any pain or discomfort since an anesthesiologist will attentively watch you while you’re being sedated via an IV.
The IVF doctor uses a tiny tube to vacuum fluid from the follicles, which includes the egg, into a test tube. An embryologist examines each test tube of follicular fluid under a microscope to identify the egg inside. The eggs’ specifics are meticulously documented. Age, ovarian reserve, sensitivity to ovarian stimulation, and occasionally the patient’s ability to get a needle into the ovaries can all affect how many eggs are produced and extracted.
IVF STAGE 3: Fertilization
Experts inspect the eggs once they are in the lab to assess their quality and maturity. After being removed from the incubator and placed into a particular culture medium, mature eggs are fertilized with sperm a few hours later.
There are two methods for fertilizing an egg: intracytoplasmic injection or traditional insemination (ICSI). Your IVF team (physicians and embryologists) will choose the technique based on a variety of aspects pertaining to the couple undergoing IVF.
The success rate of both approaches is comparable. About 70% of the time, ICSI is utilized when variables like poor semen quality or past IVF failure make fertilization less likely.
In the traditional procedure, sperm is put into a small petri dish with an egg and culture medium; the sperm and eggs are then incubated together in the dish in a lab, enabling the sperm to enter the egg on its own. For ICSI, a needle and a high-tech operating microscope are used to inject one sperm into the cytoplasm of the egg.
IVF STAGE 4: Embryo Transfer
Anywhere between 1 and 6 days, but often 3-5 days after egg retrieval, the IVF team and the couple decide exactly when embryo transfer will take place following fertilization.
However, if it is decided to conduct genetic testing, an embryo biopsy must first be performed, nearly always on day 5 or day 6. While the embryos are frozen and continue to be housed at the IVF facility, 3 to 8 cells are often submitted for testing at an outside lab.
Within one to two months of the egg retrieval, the chosen embryo is frozen and put into the uterus after being informed of the findings of the genetic test.
The age of the couple is one of many variables that affects how many embryos are created. Multiple embryos were once transplanted in an effort to increase success, but this frequently led to twins or, less frequently, triplets, both of which are linked to preterm birth and other major difficulties for both the mother and the baby.
The best strategy is to just transfer one embryo at a time. The embryologist chooses the healthiest embryo based on a grading system that is used to assess each embryo in order to increase the likelihood of success.
IVF STAGE 5: Pregnancy Test
You’ll do a blood pregnancy test 12 days following an embryo transfer. Following the confirmation of a pregnancy, you will undergo blood tests and eventually ultrasounds to determine the viability and whether there are multiple pregnancies.
With the aid of IVF, women at all phases of their cycle have become pregnant for more than 40 years. You should improve your health by knowing about benefits of IVF treatment. You could have experimented with alternative techniques to solve your infertility issues.